The title Duke of Atholl was created several times in British history. The present title is of Queen Anne's creation in 1703.

The Duke holds numerous subsidiary titles. These include: Marquess of Atholl (created 1676), Marquess of Tullibardine (1703), Earl of Atholl (1629), Earl of Tullibardine (1606 and 1676), Earl of Strathtay and Strathardle (1703), Viscount of Balquhidder (1676), Lord Murray of Tullibardine (1604), Lord Murray, Balvenie and Gask (1676) and Baron Percy (1722). The Barony of Percy is in the peerage of Great Britain; all other titles are in the peerage of Scotland. The Duke's eldest son and heir's courtesy title is Marquess of Tullibardine. Before 1963, the Duke of Atholl had the dubious honor of being the highest ranking peer without a seat in the House of Lords.

Earls of Atholl, First proven Creation (c. 1115)

• Madach, 1st Earl of Atholl (d. 1142-1152)
• Malcolm, 2nd Earl of Atholl (d. 1186-1198)
• Henry, 3rd Earl of Atholl (d. 1211)
• Isabel, 4th Countess of Atholl (d. aft. 1231)
• Patrick of Galloway, 5th Earl of Atholl (d. 1242)
• Fernelith, 6th Countess of Atholl (?)
• Ada, 7th Countess of Atholl (d. bef. 1264)
• David of Strathbogie, 8th Earl of Atholl (d. 1270)
• John of Strathbogie, 9th Earl of Atholl (d. 1306)
• David of Strathbogie, 10th Earl of Atholl (d. 1326)
• David of Strathbogie, 11th Earl of Atholl (1309-1335)
• David of Strathbogie, 12th Earl of Atholl (1332-1369)

(The last three Earls were only considered Earls of Atholl in England, the title being considered forfeited by the Scottish Kings of the time.)

Earls of Atholl, Second Creation (1320)

• John Campbell, 1st Earl of Atholl (1313-1333)

Earls of Atholl, Third Creation (1341)

• William Douglas, 1st Earl of Atholl (d. 1353) (resigned upon creation)

Earls of Atholl, Fourth Creation (1342)

• Robert Stewart, Earl of Atholl (1316-1390) (became King in 1371)

Earls of Atholl, Fifth Creation (1398)

• David Stewart, Duke of Rothesay (d.1402)

Earls of Atholl, Sixth Creation (1403)

• Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany (1340-1420)

Lost the earldom upon the death of his brother, Robert III of Scotland, in 1406.

Earls of Atholl, Seventh Creation (1404)

• Walter Stewart, 1st Earl of Atholl (d. 1437) (forfeit 1437)

Earls of Atholl, Eighth Creation (1457)

• John Stewart, 1st Earl of Atholl (1440-1512)
• John Stewart, 2nd Earl of Atholl (d. 1521)
• John Stewart, 3rd Earl of Atholl (1507-1542)
• John Stewart, 4th Earl of Atholl (d. 1579)
• John Stewart, 5th Earl of Atholl (1563-1595)

Earls of Atholl, Ninth Creation (1596)

• John Stewart, 1st Earl of Atholl (1566-1603)
• John Stewart, 2nd Earl of Atholl (d. 1625)

Earls of Tullibardine, First Creation (1606)

• John Murray, 1st Earl of Tullibardine (d. 1609)
• William Murray, 2nd Earl of Tullibardine (c. 1574-1626
• Patrick Murray, 3rd Earl of Tullibardine (1578-1644
• James Murray, 4th Earl of Tullibardine (1617-1670
• John Murray, 5th Earl of Tullibardine (1631-1703) (became Marquess of Atholl in 1676)

Earls of Tullibardine, Second Creation (1628)

• Patrick Murray, 3rd Earl of Tullibardine (1578-1644
• James Murray, 4th Earl of Tullibardine (1617-1670
• John Murray, 5th Earl of Tullibardine (1631-1703) (became Marquess of Atholl in 1676)

Earls of Atholl, Tenth Creation (1629)

• John Murray, 1st Earl of Atholl (d.1642)
• John Murray, 5th Earl of Tullibardine (1631-1703) (became Marquess of Atholl in 1676)

Marquesses of Atholl (1676)

• John Murray, 1st Marquess of Atholl (1631-1703)
• John Murray, 2nd Marquess of Atholl (1660-1724) (became Duke of Atholl in 1703)

Dukes of Atholl (1703)

• John Murray, 1st Duke of Atholl (1660-1724)
• James Murray, 2nd Duke of Atholl (1690-1764)
• John Murray, 3rd Duke of Atholl (1729-1774)
• John Murray, 4th Duke of Atholl (1755-1830)
• John Murray, 5th Duke of Atholl (1778-1846)
• George Augustus Frederick John Murray, 6th Duke of Atholl (1814-1864)
• John James Hugh Henry Stewart-Murray, 7th Duke of Atholl (1840-1917)
• John George Stewart-Murray, 8th Duke of Atholl (1871-1942)
• James Thomas Stewart-Murray, 9th Duke of Atholl (1879-1957)
• George Iain Murray, 10th Duke of Atholl (1931-1996)
• John Murray, 11th Duke of Atholl (b. 1929)

his heir and son: Bruce George Ronald Murray, Marquess of Tullibardine (b. April 6 1960)
the Marquess's son and heir: Michael Bruce John Murray, Earl of Strathtay and Strathardle (b. March 5 1985)