The Minister for Health & Children has overall constitutional and political responsibility for the Department of Health & Children, while his or her duties include the creation and assessment of policy for the health services. The Minister is assisted by two Ministers of State. Both of these are responsible for child care including children's policy, and food safety and the elderly.
The following are the main policy sections of the Department.
From 1947-1997 the official title of the position was Minister for Health, this was occasionally coupled with the social welfare portfolio making the incumbent the Minister for Health & Social Welfare. In 1997 the official title became Minister for Health & Children.
| # | Name | Took Office | Left Office | Party |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | James Ryan (1st time) | January 22, 1947 | February 18, 1948 | Fianna Fáil |
| 2. | Noel Browne | February 18, 1948 | April 11, 1951 | Fine Gael |
| 3. | John A. Costello (acting) | April 12, 1951 | June 13, 1951 | Fine Gael |
| James Ryan (2nd time) | June 13, 1951 | June 2, 1954 | Fianna Fáil | |
| 5. | Tom O'Higgins | June 2, 1954 | March 20, 1957 | Fine Gael |
| 6. | Seán MacEntee | March 20, 1957 | April 21, 1965 | Fianna Fáil |
| 7. | Donagh O'Malley | April 21, 1965 | July 13, 1966 | Fianna Fáil |
| 8. | Seán Flanagan | July 13, 1966 | July 2, 1969 | Fianna Fáil |
| 9. | Erskine Childers | July 2, 1969 | March 14, 1973 | Fianna Fáil |
| 10. | Brendan Corish | March 14, 1973 | July 5, 1977 | Labour |
| 11. | Charles Haughey | July 5, 1977 | December 11, 1979 | Fianna Fáil |
| 12. | Michael Woods (1st time) | December 12, 1979 | June 30, 1981 | Fianna Fáil |
| 13. | Eileen Desmond | June 30, 1981 | March 9, 1982 | Fine Gael |
| Michael Woods (2nd time) | March 9, 1982 | (December 14, 1982 | Fianna Fáil | |
| 14. | Barry Desmond | December 14, 1982 | January 20, 1987 | Labour |
| 15. | John Boland | January 20, 1987 | March 10, 1987 | Fine Gael |
| 16. | Rory O'Hanlon | March 10, 1987 | November 14, 1991 | Fianna Fáil |
| 17. | Mary O'Rourke | November 14, 1991 | February 11, 1992 | Fianna Fáil |
| 18. | John O'Connell | February 11, 1992 | January 12, 1993 | Fianna Fáil |
| 19. | Brendan Howlin | January 12, 1994 | November 17, 1994 | Labour |
| Michael Woods (3rd time) | November 17, 1994 | December 15, 1994 | Fianna Fáil | |
| 20. | Michael Noonan | December 15, 1994 | June 26, 1997 | Fine Gael |
| 21. | Brian Cowen | June 26, 1997 | January 27, 2000 | Fianna Fáil
|
| # | Name | Took Office | Left Office | Party |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brian Cowen | July 12, 1997 | January 27, 2000 | Fianna Fáil | |
| 22. | Micheál Martin | January 27, 2000 | September 29, 2004 | Fianna Fáil |
| 23. | Mary Harney | September 29, 2004 | (still in office) | Progressive Democrats |