20th-century Ireland

1901-1910

1901

• Centenary year of the Act of Union.
• Edward VII is proclaimed King of Ireland in a state ceremony in Dublin.
• Members of the Irish Yeomanry return home from fighting in South Africa.
• The Irish census shows the population of Ireland to be 4,459,000.
• The All-Ireland Champions are London (hurling) and Dublin (football)

1902

• Archbishop Croke, patron of the GAA, dies at the age of 78.
• Waterford City confer the freedom of the city on John Redmond.
• The centenary of the Christian Brothers is celebrated.
• The UK Liberal Party stops its support for Home Rule.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Cork (hurling) and Dublin (football)

1903

• St. Patrick's day becomes a national holiday in Ireland.
• Robert Erskine Childers publishes The Riddle of the Sands.
• The Wyndham Land Act is passed - it solves the land purchase problem.
• The Independent Orange Order is founded in Belfast.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Cork (hurling) and Kerry (football)

1904

• The Abbey Theatre is founded in Dublin
• June 16 - Bloomsday. James Joyce meets Nora Barnacle for the first time.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Kilkenny (hurling) and Kerry (football)

1905

• Sinn Féin is founded by Arthur Griffith.
• The Ulster Unionist Council is founded. It helps to forge links between the Orange Order and Unionists.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Kilkenny (hurling) and Kildare (football)

1906

• Count John McCormack makes his stage debut in Italy.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Tipperary (hurling) and Dublin (football)

1907

• The Playboy of the Western World causes controversy when it is staged in the Abbey Theatre.
• Irish-born Ernest Shackleton leads an Antarctic expedition.
• Marconi begins a wireless service between Clifden and Canada.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Kilkenny (hurling) and Dublin (football)

1908

• The Irish Transport & General Workers Union is founded by James Larkin.
• The Royal University of Ireland is dissolved and replaced by:
  • National University of Ireland in Dublin,
  • Queen's University of Belfast in Belfast.
• Patrick Pearse founds St Enda's School for Boys in Dublin.
• The Dublin Municipal Gallery is opened.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Tipperary (hurling) and Dublin (football)

1909

• James Larkin forms the Irish Transport & General Workers Union (ITGWU)
• The first flight by an Irish plane is made at Hillsborough.
• Ireland's first cinema, the Volta Cinema, opens in Dublin.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Kilkenny (hurling) and Kerry (football)

1910

• The Unionist Party is formed with the aim of maintaining the Act of Union.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Wexford (hurling) and Louth (football)

1911-1920

1911

• The Parliament Act is passed in the House of Commons - Lords can now delay a bill for only two years.
• The Irish census shows the population to be 4,400,000.
• The Titanic is launched at the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Kilkenny (hurling) and Cork (football)

1912

• The Third Home Rule Bill is accepted by the House of Commons, but is postponed for two years.
• 500,000 Ulster people sign the Solemn League and Covenant.
• The Titanic sinks in the Atlantic - its last port of call was County Cork.
• The Irish Labour Party is founded.
• D. W. Corbett makes the first flight across the Irish sea.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Kilkenny (hurling) and Cork (football)

1913

• The Great Dublin Lock-Out takes place.
• The Irish Volunteers and the Irish Citizen Army are established.
• The Ulster Volunteer Force is formed in Belfast.
• Irish is accepted as a matriculation subject for entry to the National University of Ireland.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Kilkenny (hurling) and Kerry (football)

1914

• The Curragh Mutiny - 57 British army officers refuse to implement Home Rule if it's introduced.
• World War I begins.
• The granting of Home Rule is postponed until after the war.
• Cumann na mBan is founded.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Kilkenny (hurling) and Kerry (football)

1915

• Douglas Hyde resigns as President of the Gaelic League.
• The Military Council of the IRB is formed.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Laois (hurling) and Wexford (football)

1916

• The Easter Rising takes place
  • April 3 - Irish Volunteers prepare for rising on Easter Sunday (April 23)
  • April 21 - The Aud captured with arms meant for rising
  • April 22 - Eoin MacNeill countermands order for rising
  • April 24 - Rising occurs in Dublin one day late; Proclamation of the Irish Republic read by Patrick Pearse on steps of the G.P.O.
  • April 25 - Martial Law is declared in Dublin.
  • April 29 - The leaders of the Rising surrender unconditionally.
  • May 3 - 12: Fourteen leaders of Rising are shot in Kilmainham Jail
  • August 3 - Sir Roger Casement hanged in London
  • The All-Ireland Champions are Tipperary (hurling) and Wexford (football)

1917

• Eamon de Valera is elected President of Sinn Féin.
• Thomes Ashe dies after a hunger strike.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Dublin (hurling) and Wexford (football)

1918

• November 11: World War I ends.
• Sinn Féin win a majority of Irish seats in the general election.
• Countess Constance Markievicz becomes the British parliament's first female MP.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Limerick (hurling) and Wexford (football)

1919

• Jan 21: The first Dáil Éireann meets in the Mansion House, Dublin.
  • Cathal Brugha is elected as Acting President.
• The War of Independence begins.
• Alcock & Brown land at Clifden, Galway after completeing the first transatlantic flight.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Cork (hurling) and Kildare (football)

1920

• Bloody Sunday
  • Michael Collins's 'Squad' kill 14 British intelligence officers in Dublin.
  • The Black and Tans retaliate by killing 14 people at a football match in Croke Park.
• A young medical student, Kevin Barry, is hanged due to his republican activities.
• Lord-Mayor of Cork, Tomás MacCurtain, is assassinated.
• The politician, Terence MacSwiney, dies after a hunger strike.
• The Irish Republican Army (IRA) is established.
• The Government of Ireland Act 1920 is passed in the House of Commons
• The All-Ireland Champions are Dublin (hurling) and Tipperary (football)

Bold textItalic text'Italic text'Italic text'Italic text'Italic text==1921-1930==

1921

• May 25: Dublin Customs House burned down
• July 9: Truce between IRA and British Army
• Dec. 6: Anglo-Irish Treaty is signed; Ireland receives dominion status; partition will create Northern Ireland.
• Dec. 8: Eamon de Valera publicly repudiates the Treaty.
• The Boundary Commission is set up the redraw the border between Northern and Southern Ireland.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Limerick (hurling) and Dublin (football)

1922

• Jan. 7: Dáil Éireann ratifies the Treaty.
  • Eamon de Valera resigns and leaves the Dáil with his followers.
• Jan. 9: Arthur Griffith is elected President of the Dáil but dies later in the year.
  • Michael Collins becomes Chairman of the Provisional Government.
• April: The Irish Civil War begins.
  • June 16: The pro-Treaty candidates are victorious in the general election.
  • Aug: Free State Army captures Dublin, Limerick, Cork and Waterford.
  • Aug 22: Michael Collins is assassinated.
  • Sept: W. T. Cosgrave is elected head of the Provisional Government.
  • Oct. 15: Leinster House Act made acts of war against Free State illegal
  • Dec 6: The Irish Free State is established.
• The RUC (Royal Ulster Constabulary) is formed.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Kilkenny (hurling) and Dublin (football)

1923

• The Irish Civil War ends.
• W. T. Cosgrave founds the Cumann na nGaedhael party.
• General Election
  • W. T. Cosgrave becomes President of the Executive Council.
  • Eamon de Valera and Sinn Féin abstain from the Dáil.
• William Butler Yeats is awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature.
• The Garda Síochána are established as the police force outside Dublin.
• The Irish Free State joins the League of Nations.
• James Joyce publishes Ulysses.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Galway (hurling) and Dublin (football)

1924

• The Army Mutiny
  • Two government ministers resign after officers object to a reduction of the army.
  • Eoin O'Duffy is appointed Commander-in-Chief.
• The Free State Aer Corps is founded.
• Eamon de Valera is released from prison.
• The Intermediate Education Board for Ireland examinations are replaced by:
  • Intermediate Certificate - later replaced by the Junior Certificate
  • Leaving Certificate - student must pass five subjects, including English or Irish
• The All-Ireland Champions are Dublin (hurling) and Kerry (football)

1925

• The Boundary Commission is scrapped, leaving the Northern Ireland border unchanged.
• The Garda Síochána become the states only police force as the DMP are absorbed.
• Northern Ireland General Election
  • Unionists gain almost total control of the parliament
• Dublin-born George Bernard Shaw is awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature.
• The IRA launches the weekly newspaper, An Phoblacht.
• Legislation allowing divorce is banned in the Irish Free State.
• Work begins on the Shannon Scheme, or Ardnacrusha, the hydro-electric station.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Tipperary (hurling) and Galway (football)

1926

• The census reults reveal that:
  • The population of the Irish Free State is 2,972,000
  • The population of Northern Ireland is 1,257,000.
• Eamon de Valera and a number of others form Fianna Fáil - the Republican Party.
• The 2RN, later RTÉ Radio 1, radio station is set up in Dublin.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Cork (hurling) and Kerry (football)

1927

• 1927 General Election (June)
• The Agricultural Credit Corporation is set up to encourage investment in agriculture.
  • Cumann na nGaedhael retain power.
  • W. T. Cosgrave remains as President.
• In August Fianna Fáil enter the Dáil and another election is called.
• 1927 General Election (September)
  • Cumann na nGaedhael retain power by a narrow majority.
• Kevin O'Higgins, Minister for Justice, is assassinated by the IRA.
• The Electricity Supply Board (ESB) is established as an offshoot of the Shannon Scheme.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Dublin (hurling) and Kildare (football)

1928

• New Irish coinage is issued featuring a harp on one side and animals on the other, the Saorstát Pound ('Free State Pound').
• Irish becomes a compulsory subject for the Intermediate Certificate.
• Captain James Fitzmaurice completes the first successful non-stop transatlantic flight from east to west.
• The first Irish team attends the Olympic Games
  • Dr. Pat O'Callaghan is the first person to win a gold medal for Ireland .
• John McCormack is appointed a Papal count for his services to music.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Cork (hurling) and Kildare (football)

1929

• Proportional Representation is abolished in Northern Ireland.
• The first Irish banknotes are issued.
• Ardnacrusha Power Station opens on the Shannon Scheme.
• Ireland's economy suffers due to the Wall Street Crash.
• Primary Certificate - introduced, but optional, at end of primary education
• The All-Ireland Champions are Cork (hurling) and Kerry (football)

1930

• The Irish delegation, led by Patrick McGilligan, attend the Imperial Conference.
• The first Irish Sweepstakes draw is held.
• The Vocational Education Committee (VEC) system is established.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Tipperary (hurling) and Kerry (football)

1931-1940

1931

• The Statute of Westminster is passed in Britain; Dominions now have the right to repeal Acts which were passed in Britain.
• Saor Éire, a republican socialist group, is formed.
• Eamon de Valera founds The Irish Press newspaper.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Cork (hurling) and Kerry (football)

1932

• The Eucharistic Congress is held in the Phoenix Park, Dublin.
• 1932 General Election
  • Fianna Fáil come to power for the first time.
  • Eamon de Valera becomes President of the Executive Council.
• The 'Oath of Allegiance' to the monarch is abolished.
• The Blueshirts are founded by Gen. Eoin O'Duffy.
• The Economic War begins between Britain and the Irish Free State.
• Eamon de Valera is inaugurated as the Chairman of the League of Nations.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Kilkenny (hurling) and Kerry (football)

1933

• 1933 General Election
  • Fianna Fáil retain power. de Valera remains as President.
• Fine Gael - the United Ireland Party is founded.
  • Eoin O'Duffy is its first leader.
• The Fianna Fáil government starts a self-sufficency programme creating:
  • Irish Sugar Company
  • Industrial Credit Company
  • Turf Development Board
• The All-Ireland Champions are Kilkenny (hurling) and Cavan (football)

1934

• Eoin O'Duffy resigns from Fine Gael.
• Britain and the Free State signs a Coal-Cattle Pact.
• Irish becomes a compulsory subject for the Leaving Cert.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Limerick (hurling) and Galway (football)

1935

• W. T. Cosgrave is elected Chairman of Fine Gael.
• Foynes, County Limerick, is chosen as the European terminal for transatlantic air services.
• Unionist politician, Edward Carson, dies.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Kilkenny (hurling) and Cavan (football)

1936

• The Irish Free State census shows the population to be 2,969,000.
• The Irish national airline, Aer Lingus, is founded.
• Sean MacBride becomes the chief of staff of the IRA.
• The government declare the IRA an illegal organisation.
• The Senate of the Irish Free State is abolished.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Limerick (hurling) and Mayo (football)

1937

The Northern Ireland census shows the population to be 1,280,000.

• Bunreacht na hÉireann is introduced.
  • The head of state is now the President of Ireland.
  • The head of government is the Taoiseach.
  • The national territory consists of the whole island of Ireland.
• The referendum on the constitution is held on the same day as the election.
• 1937 General Election
  • Fianna Fáil is returned to power and the referendum is carried.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Tipperary (hurling) and Kerry (football)

1938

• Dr. Douglas Hyde is appointed the first President of Ireland.
• The government falls unexpectedly this year.
• 1938 General Election
  • Fianna Fáil and de Valera return with a greater majority.
• The 'Economic War' with Britain ends.
• The Traety ports are handed back to the Free State.
• Clann na Talmhan is founded.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Dublin (hurling) and Galway (football)

1939

• The IRA begin a bombing campaign in England.
• World War II begins.
  • Éire declares its neutrality, The Emergency.
  • Consription is not introduced in Northern Ireland
• Irish Life is created by the state.
• The Irish Red Cross is founded.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Kilkenny (hurling) and Kerry (football)

1940

• Dr. John Charles McQuaid becomes Archbishop of Dublin
• John M. Andrews becomes Prime Minister of Northern Ireland.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Limerick (hurling) and Kerry (football)

1941-1950

1941

• 28 people are killed when German bombs fall on the North Strand in Dublin.
• 900 people are killed in a bomb attack in Belfast.
• The new terminal at Dublin Airport is completed.
• Irish novelist James Joyce dies in Zurich, Switzerland.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Cork (hurling) and Kerry (football)

1942

• US troops arrive in Northern Ireland.
• The Irish Blood Transfusion Service is founded.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Cork (hurling) and Dublin (football)

1943

• 1943 General Election
  • Fianna Fáil are re-elected but do not have a clear majority.
• Sir Basil Brooke becomes Prime Minister of Northern Ireland.
• The Central Bank of Ireland opens in Dublin.
• Primary Certificate - becomes compulsory, with examinations in Arithmetic, English & Irish
• The All-Ireland Champions are Cork (hurling) and Roscommon (football)

1944

• 1944 General Election
  • Fianna Fáil achieves a 14 seat overall majority.
  • The National Labour Party is formed.
• Gen. Richard Mulcahy becomes the new leader of Fine Gael.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Cork (hurling) and Roscommon (football)

1945

• World War II ends after six years of violence.
  • Winston Churchill attacks Irish neutrality.
  • An Taoiseach Eamon de Valera defends the Irish position.
• Sean T. O'Kelly is elected the second President of Ireland.
• Nationalist Eoin MacNeill dies.
• Irish tenor Count John McCormack dies.
• Córas Iompair Éireann (CIÉ), the state transport service, begins.
• The National Stud is established in Kildare, at the Curragh.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Tipperary (hurling) and Cork (football)

1946

• The population of Éire is 2,955,000.
• Éire's application to join the United Nations is vetoed by the Soviet Union.
• Clann na Poblachta is founded by Sean MacBride.
• Bord na Móna is established.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Cork (hurling) and Kerry (football)

1947

• Shannon Airport becomes a duty-free area.
• The All-Ireland Football Final takes place in the Polo Grounds, New York.
  • Cavan beat Kerry to take the Sam McGuire Cup.
• The All-Ireland Hurling Champions are Kilkenny.

1948

• 1948 General Election
  • Fine Gael, Labour, Clann na Poblachta and others form an inter-party government.
  • John A. Costello becomes Taoiseach.
• The government announces that the External Relations Act is to be repealed and Éire is to leave the Commonwealth.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Waterford (hurling) and Cavan (football)

1949

• Éire leaves the Commonwealth and the Republic of Ireland is born.
• The Ireland Act is passed in Britain.
  • This ensures that Northern Ireland wil remain part of the UK.
• Ireland refuses to join NATO.
• The Industrial Development Authority is established.
• Former President of Ireland, Dr. Douglas Hyde, dies.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Tipperary (hurling) and Meath (football)

1950

• Noel Browne proposes the 'Mother and Child Scheme'.
• Córas Iompair Éireann is nationalised, the Grand Canal of Ireland is also amalgamated with the company.
• Dublin-born writer, George Bernard Shaw, dies aged 94.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Tipperary (hurling) and Mayo (football)

1951-1960

1951

• The population of the Republic of Ireland is 2,961,000
• Irish bishops condemn the 'Nother and Child Scheme'
  • The scheme is dropped.
  • Noel Browne resigns from the Caninet.
• 1951 General Election
  • Fianna Fáil returns with a minority government.
  • Eamon de Valera becomes Taoiseach.
• An Irishman, Ernest Walton, shares the Nobel Prize for Physics.
• Ian Paisley forms the Free Presbyterian Church
• The All-Ireland Champions are Tipperary (hurling) and Mayo (football)

1952

• The government introduce the Social Welfare Act which increases unemployment and sickness benefits.
• Sean T. O'Kelly is re-elected President of Ireland.
• Bord Fáilte is established to encourage tourism.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Cork (hurling) and Cavan (football)

1953

• Fianna Uladh is founded.
• Gael-Linn is set up to promote the use of Irish.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Cork (hurling) and Kerry (football)

1954

• 1954 General Election
  • Fine Gael, Labour and other parties form the second Inter-Party Government.
  • John A. Costello becomes Taoiseach for the second time.
• The Flags & Emblems Act in Northern Ireland prohibits the display of the Irish tricolor or disturbing a display of the Union Jack
• Michael Manning becomes the last man to be hanged in the Republic of Ireland.
• Christy Brown publishes his autobiography - My Left Foot.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Cork (hurling) and Meath (football)

1955

• Ireland becomes a member of the United Nations.
• Cork Opera House is destroyed by fire.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Wexford (hurling) and Kerry (football)

1956

• The census shows the population of the Republic of Ireland to be 2,818,000.
• Ronnie Delany wins a gold medal for Ireland at the Olympic Games in Australia.
• The IRA begins a bombing campaign along the border.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Wexford (hurling) and Galway (football)

1957

• 1957 General Election
  • Fianna Fáil return to power.
  • Eamon de Valera becomes Taoiseach for the final time aged 75.
• Seán South and Fergal O'Hanlon are killed in an IRA attack on a RUC barrcks.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Kilkenny (hurling) and Louth (football)

1958

• Irish Army soldiers begin a United Nations peace-keeping mission in the Lebanon.
• The First Programme for Economic Expansion is drawn up by T. K. Whitaker.
• Aer Lingus begins its first service to the United States.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Tipperary (hurling) and Dublin (football)

1959

• Eamon de Valera is elected third President of Ireland.
• Sean Lemass becomes the new leader of Fianna Fáil and the new Taoiseach.
• James Dillon becomes the new leader of Fine Gael.
• The Irish Congress of Trade Unions is formed.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Waterford (hurling) and Kerry (football)

1960

• Irish troops are sent on United Nations peace-keeping missions to the Congo.
• F. H. Boland becomes President of the General Assembly of the United Nations.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Wexford (hurling) and Down (football)

1961-1970

1961

• The census results are announced:
  • The population of the Republic of Ireland is 2,818,000
  • The population of Northern Ireland is 1,426,000
• 1961 General Election
  • Fianna Fáil form a minority government with Sean Lemass as Taoiseach.
• Telefís Éireann (later RTÉ) commences broadcasting on New Years Eve.
• Sean Lemass returns as Taoiseach following the general election.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Tipperary (hurling) and Down (football)

1962

• The second Vatican Council takes place - this leads to greater openness within the Catholic Church.
• The IRA calls of its bombing campaign along the border.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Tipperary (hurling) and Kerry (football)

1963

• U.S President John F. Kennedy visits Ireland - he is assassinated later this year.
• Frank Aiken, Minister for External Affairs, speaks out against nuclear weapons at the UN Headquarters.
• Terence O'Neill becomes Prime Minister of Northern Ireland.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Kilkenny (hurling) and Dublin (football)

1964

• The Second Programme for Economic Expansion is launched.
• The playwrights, Sean O'Casey and Brendan Behan die.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Tipperary (hurling) and Galway (football)

1965

• Sean Lemass meets the Northern Ireland Prime Minister, Terence O'Neill, in Belfast.
  • O'Neill later returns the compliment by paying a visit to Lemass in Dublin
• Roger Casement is given a state funeral, almost fifty years after his execution.
• 1965 General Election
  • Fianna Fáil are re-elected with Sean Lemass as Taoiseach.
  • Liam Cosgrave becomes the new leader of Fine Gael.
• Clann na Poblachta ceases to exist this year.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Tipperary (hurling) and Galway (football)

1966

• Ireland celebrates the 50th Anniversary of the 1916 Easter Rising.
• Eamon de Valera is re-elected as President of Ireland.
• Jack Lynch replaces Sean Lemass as Taoiseach and Fianna Fáil leader.
• Former President of Ireland, Sean T. O'Kelly, dies aged 84.
• The UVF declares war on the IRA.
• Nelson's Pillar on O'Connel Street is blown up by republicans.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Cork (hurling) and Galway (football)

1967

• The Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association (NICRA) is founded.
• 3 people are killed when an Aer Lingus plane crashes in Dublin.
• Censorship is lifted on all books this year.
• Minister for Education, Donagh O'Malley reforms education:
  • The Primary Certificate - abolished as education.
  • The announcement of free secondary school education.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Kilkenny (hurling) and Meath (football)

1968

• Plans to merge Trinity College Dublin and University College Dublin are scrapped.
• Crisis in the North
  • Oct. 5: Two days of rioting follows after a banned civil rights march in Derry is broken up by RUC batons. Many view this incident as the start of 'the Troubles'.
  • Oct. 9: Following a student demonstration in Belfast, the People's Democracy (PD) a radical, left-wing student group, is formed.
  • Oct. 30: The Taoiseach, Jack Lynch calls for an end to partition to resolve the unrest.
  • Nov. 4: The Prime Minister of Northern Ireland, Terence O'Neill, says there will be no transfer of the North to the Republic without the consent of the NI parliament.
  • Nov. 22: O'Neill announces a five point reform plan which goes some way to easing the Catholic sense of grievance over matters including unfair housing allocation, council elections.
  • Dec. 11: William Craig, Minister of Home Affairs, is dismissed from the Northern Ireland cabinet.
  • Dec. 20: People's Democracy (PD) announce Belfast-Derry March.
• 61 people die when an Aer Lingus plane crashes at Tuskar Rock.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Wexford (hurling) and Down (football)

1969

• 1969 General Election
  • Fianna Fáil are re-elected to government - Jack Lynch remains as Taoiseach.
• Crisis in the North
  • Jan. 4: A march from Belfast to Derry is attacked by a loyalist mob at Burntollet bridge, near Derry.
  • April 28: Terence O'Neill resigns as Prime Minister
  • May 1: James Chichester-Clark is his replacement.
  • July: First deaths of the 'Troubles'
  • Aug. 12: Apprentice Boys' march in Derry attacked by nationalists; RUC storm Bogside, leading to the Battle of the Bogside
  • August: British army arrives in North.
  • Dec: A split in the IRA produces Provisional and Official IRA.
• The government introduce special tax concessions for creative artists and writers.
• Dublin-born Samuel Beckett is awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature.
• The Institution of Engineers of Ireland is formed from amalgamation.
• The All-Ireland Champions are Kilkenny (hurling) and Kerry (football)

See also

• Ireland: 1970-1979
• Ireland: 1980-1989
• Ireland: 1990-1999